mung bean germination experiment

You'll need a bottle of each pH Up and pH Down. The major functions of osmolytes are to lower water potential, keep water balance, safeguard intracellular structures, and lessen oxidative damage. Home Primary Science Key Stage 1 Science Bean in a jar, April 30, 2012 By Emma Vanstone 13 Comments. CaONPs supplementation stimulates better nutrient acquisition patterns in plants and thus overall yield is improved. For the estimation of calcium contents of mung bean plants leaf dry samples were powdered and digested with sulphuric acid following [23]. A practical and entertaining way to accomplish this is to grow bean plants in the classroom. Did any of the plants die? 0000009282 00000 n Mark each cup and match one cup with one two-liter bottle of water. For this project we had to grow lentil beans under white and blue light and water and measure them daily. Sprinkle them with water three times a day and watch them grow. Most of the liquids you encounter on a daily basis are just around neutral. Little ones will enjoy growing a bean for Jack and the Beanstalk. Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Roles But how do liquids become acidic or basic? In the test pots, the seeds were sowed after being surface sterilised (7 seeds per pot). FM improves soil structure, porosity and physiochemical traits and thus FM application to soil induces tolerance to environmental stress such as heavy metal stress [11]. Half the seeds are placed in a sunny spot while the other containers are covered with cardboard, so no light reaches them. I hope you are having a great week! For this project I and one of my classmates had to conduct a experiment to see the effects of blue light versus white light. The same process was repeated for the peas. Scarce and sporadic work has been reported on CaONPs application on mung bean plants. Mung Bean Production Costs, Available from http://www.rain.org/greennet/docs/exoticveggies/html/mungbeans.htm [Accessed on the 13th of February, 2012]., Alaskan peas have the shortest growing season of all pea types. You can do some research about growing bean plants to help you form a hypothesis. If there are more negative ions in the water, the liquid is more basic. Then wrap some seeds in the middle of the damp cloth and cover the second time. The mung bean plants are grown under heavy metal (Cd) stress exhibited poor stomatal conductance (Fig 4C) and transpiration rate (Fig 4D). Results of these studies have suggested that CaONPs nanoparticles might be promising candidates for reducing heavy metal stress, drought stress, and biotic stress, and thus CaONPs might be helpful in food security. <<5DC045A86D61FB458BCD0BDBECA1141B>]>> The best seeds for this experiment are Pinto beans, Mung beans, Lentils, and Lima beans. You keep coming up with really inspiring ideas. Each Group of 25 beans was folded inside a damp paper towel. Make sure to note the height of each plant within the seven cups-21 plants in all-each time you measure. e0282531. All 25 of the peas in the cold room, in reps one and two finally germinated in week two. This project is a good example of how that occurs. Just be sure to wash the tablespoon between using it to handle water from different bottles. And it's extremely important that each plant receives the same amount of water. the third important legumes crop in Indonesia after soybeans and peanuts. The adult involved is fully responsible for ensuring that the activities are carried out safely. Mung beans are a warm-season (summer) crop. In our results, exposure to Cd stress resulted in decreased ascorbate and tocopherols accumulation compared to negative controls. An ion is the loss or gain of electrons from an atom. For the temperature group, I did conditions at Although this section is classified as a botany project, you'll notice as you work through it that it contains a fair amount of chemistry, as well. Conceptualization, In this study, 0.25 g of mung bean leaves were ground in 10 mL of a TCA solution with a 6 percent concentration. 1 below. 0000001241 00000 n They need some kind of growing medium, usually dirt. Spray some water on the bean every few days. To make a yield profile, observations on number of pods per plant, pod weights, seed count per pod and thousand seeds weight were recorded [15]. A pot experiment was conducted by defining appropriate positive and negative controls under differential soil treatments with farmyard manure (1% and 2%) and calcium oxide nanoparticles (0, 5, 10, and 20 mg/L). Liquids get their pH level as a result of molecules that split apart to form positive and negative ions. The effect of caffeine on plant growth is still a subject under study. We grew a bean in a glass Mason jar for each kid a couple months ago. Under conditions of heavy metal stress, calcium is a crucial component for plant osmotic adaptation. Both Cd+2 and Ca+2 compete for cation exchange sites available on clay minerals and soil organic matter. How to Care for Sontakka Flower (White Ginger Lily)? Seeds of Vigna radiata cv. Average germination rate after two days was determined to be 73% in the 0 mM/L, 67% in the 40 mM/L, 53% in the 80 mM/L, and 43% in the 120 mM/L; all values are significantly different from one another receptor for 0 and 40 mM/ L groups. You also will need a material or two with which you may not be familiar. The recorded in our experiment seed germination ability for mung bean was 78.25. This reduction in cotyledon mass is due to the redirection of energy to the hypocotyl and stem in etiolation, Measuring the Effect of Density on Growth of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata) Plants. If you've had experience with gardening and growing plants, you know that plants react differently to all sorts of factors. In each treatment, 20 g . Soil organic amendments are important to build soil structure, improve the nutrient profile and increase fertility in croplands. Oxygen oxygen is needed for a plant to grow ( it is needed for respiration to occur ). The accumulation of Cd in the roots has an inhibitory effect on the ions uptake, mineral nutrition and normal metabolism which may lead to decreased cytosolic antioxidant such as tocopherols, ascorbate, glutathione and carotenoids. 365 Days Flowering Plants in India | Flowers That Bloom in all Seasons, 50 Examples of Monocot & Dicot Plants (With Images), Benefits of Electrolyte Water for the Plants, Top 10 Plants with Whorled Leaf Arrangement, How to Grow Shevanti Flower? The increasing concentration of CaONPs increasingly affected the height and number of branches. To find the ideal Cd levels, a preliminary experiment was run using various concentrations of cadmium chloride (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 M). By using protocol devised by Arnon [20], the total chlorophyll contents of each experimental trials plants were assayed. (A). The experimental soil was collected from a farmland area near the site of experiment. The CaONPs were obtained from American Elements (Product No. Not only academic but creative forte is established through these activities. The amount of water given to the plants in each cup should be the same. Fill the cup with water up to the line to assure that each plant gets the same amount. An increase in the contents of these metabolites might be due to the role of CaONPs and FM in increasing the nutrient acquisition pattern by the mung plants [35]. The bean should start to grow roots after a few days, this is called germination. 0000002411 00000 n A substance used to adjust the pH level of water. The following equation was used to investigate leaf relative water content: The data was analyzed using two-way analysis of variance research; first the data was recorded on a Microsoft Excel sheet using Co-STAT version 6.3 (developed by Cohort Software Berkley, CA, USA). No, Is the Subject Area "Antioxidants" applicable to this article? Overall, 2% FM and 20 mg/L CaONPs proved as the best treatment to reduce cadmium toxicity. Though using a standard curve created with known amounts of tocopherol, the total tocopherol content was determined. Higher levels of Cd induce poor nutrient acquisition patterns in mung plants targeting their growth and agronomic performance [4]. . Because of the more fertilizer added to a plant the fast plant grew taller and grew more numbers of leafs. Furthermore, FM is a valuable source of several micronutrients and macronutrients such as NPK which are essential for normal growth and metabolism. The synergistic application of CaONPs as root treatment and FM as soil amendment decreased the uptake of cadmium by the roots and shoots of mung bean plants. 3. The growth of mung bean was evaluated . This work will provide future directions to figure out the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in the mitigation of heavy metals in various plants as there is a paucity of knowledge regarding the mechanisms involved in the amelioration of cadmium toxicity. This science fair project idea researches the effects of acid rain on plant growth. Mung bean (Vigna radiata (l.) Wilczek) is . as the title for your project. On cadmium contaminated soil (Cd), plants with treatments 5, 6, 7 and 8 received root treatments with distilled water (DW), 5 mg/L of CaONPs, and 10 mg/L and 20 mg/L CaONPs were used as the experiments positive controls. pH test strips or test kit. Mung bean Varieties Germination (%) Shoot height ( cm) Root length (cm) Fresh weight plant-1 (gm) Dry weight plant-1 (gm) Chlorophyll Contents (%) Normal soil Saline . The 1.25% and 2.5% both grew 2 cm and began sprouting a stalk. endstream endobj 1009 0 obj<>stream In the cold room for the second week none of the beans had germinated. Science experiments using plants are well-known. Most authorities recommend that Alaskan pea seeds are to be planted between an inch to an inch and a half deep, which is approximately 5 centimeters., This science fair project was performed to find out the effect on plant growth of adding caffeine to the soil. o[U 5r2@)68]S> Throughout the course of a nine week period, five lima bean seeds were watered with five different solutions to see which will most enhance the growth of plants. The combined application of CaONPs and FM effectively lowered the cadmium toxicity as MDA and hydrogen peroxide contents significantly declined due to applied treatments. 0000063571 00000 n The shortest wavelengths visible to the human eye are violet (400 nanometers). The data on biochemical parameters such as malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, antioxidant enzymes, vitamins and total chlorophyll contents was observed at flowering stage (37 days after germination) soon after third irrigation. Gas exchange parameters and photosynthetic behaviour of the mung bean plants under cadmium stress have been presented in Fig 4. You can see here that the plant grown in the dark is a slightly less green than the one grown in the light. Use the information contained on your data charts to make some graphs, plotting the growth of each plant. Mung beans typically germinate within 2-5 days, but factors such as temperature, salinity level, pH of water, and more affect germination and growth rate (Overhiser 2019). There was a negative significant correlation between shoot and root cadmium contents with the height and number of branches of mung bean plants. Furthermore, the decrease in lipid peroxidation in our results by FM and CaONPs supplementation indicates the protection of biological membranes. In all cases, the most effective way of pollution reduction was the application of 2% FM as a soil amendment and 20 mg/L CaONPs as root treatment (Table 4). Mung beans will not germinate and grow if water salinity exceeds approximately 0.25% The salinity of seawater is approximately 3.5% so the salt tolerance of mung Optional: soak in water a couple of hours before the activity to speed up germination without changing the appearance of the seeds. We watered plant A everyday, watered plant B every other day, and plant C every 2 days. By the time you finish, you'll have had valuable lessons in both botany and chemistry, and have a better understanding of how branches of science overlap. Liquids will be either acidic or basic (also called alkaline), depending on whether they contain positive or negative ions. That means it's right in the middle of being acidic or basic-and it's neither. Some plants seem to benefit and grow faster when caffeine is added to the soil, while others seem to become stunted or grow slower. (1986). This overall effect might be responsible for improved performance of mug bean plants under cadmium stress [27]. He lives with his wife, Jenny, and their twins in Detroit. These Women's History Month activities for middle school will help your students learn how to celebrate Women's History Women's History Month Gender Wage Gap Mini-Project. This germination investigation is very simple but fascinating. One even grew a bean pod with beans in it. They require warm climates. You've already read that some plants prefer an acidic soil, while others like basic soil. I would like to know just why this works. The grounded coffee is actually organic matter and will help in adding nutrients to the soil. The FM improved soil nutrient contents and friendly biota culminating in good yields. You'll also control all other factors, such . The MDAs contents were evaluated in accordance with Cakmak and Horsts procedure [16]. No, PLOS is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) corporation, #C2354500, based in San Francisco, California, US, Corrections, Expressions of Concern, and Retractions, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0282531. 0000098180 00000 n When the seeds were taken out of the rooms for examination one week later all 25 of the beans that were in the warm room, in both rep one and rep two had germinated. However, its growth, development, and yield may be restricted or limited by insufficient or unbalanced nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilization. CaONPs treatment improved plant height and the number of branches. If nothing else, it will give you a better understanding of how plants grow and what types of factors affect them. Bean seeds: lima beans, pinto beans, lentil beans, or mung beans work well* . The problem you'll attempt to solve while doing this science fair project is whether the pH of the water with which plants are sprinkled affects the rate of growth. FM and CaONPs amended soil reduced Cd uptake by the root and shoots of mung bean plants and improved the yield of mung bean plants in terms of increased pod number, pod weights, seed count, and seed weights.